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    <li><a href="#-或默认值">&hellip; 或默认值</a></li>
    <li><a href="#-按条件">… 按条件</a></li>
  </ul>

  <ul>
    <li><a href="#地图">地图…</a></li>
    <li><a href="#过滤">过滤…</a></li>
    <li><a href="#迭代">迭代…</a></li>
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    <li><a href="#连接到字符串">连接到字符串</a></li>
    <li><a href="#所有每个无">所有(每个)/无</a></li>
    <li><a href="#第一个第二个第三个第四个收藏品">第一个/第二个/第三个/第四个收藏品</a></li>
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    <article class="post">
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            <h1 class="post-title">Dartx</h1>
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        <date class="post-meta meta-date">
            2021年8月24日
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            <span>|</span>
            
            <span class="meta-category"><a href='/categories/Flutter'>Flutter</a></span>
            
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                    阅读</span></span>
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<p>本文主要介绍</p>
</blockquote>
<p><a href="https://pub.dev/packages/dartx"><strong>dartx</strong></a>包允许开发人员对集合(和其他 Dart 类型)使用优雅且可读的单行操作。</p>
<p>下面我们将比较如何使用普通 Dart 与<a href="https://pub.dev/packages/dartx">dartx</a>解决这些任务：</p>
<p>✔ 第一个/最后一个集合项或空/默认值/按条件；</p>
<p>✔ 根据索引映射/过滤/迭代集合项；</p>
<p>✔ 将集合转换为地图；</p>
<p>✔ 分类收藏；</p>
<p>✔收集独特的物品；</p>
<p>✔ 物品属性的最小值/最大值/平均值；</p>
<p>✔ 过滤掉空项目；</p>
<p>并查看一些其他有用的扩展。</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart">
<span style="color:#66d9ef">import</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;package:dartx/dartx.dart&#39;</span>;
</code></pre></div><p>要在普通 Dart 中获取第一个和最后一个集合项，可以这样写：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> first <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> list.first;

<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> last <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> list.last;
</code></pre></div><p>抛出一个<code>*StateError*</code> if<code>*list*</code>是空的。或明确返回<code>*null*</code>：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> firstOrNull <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> list.isNotEmpty <span style="color:#f92672">?</span> list.first <span style="color:#f92672">:</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">null</span>;

<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> lastOrNull <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> list.isNotEmpty <span style="color:#f92672">?</span> list.last <span style="color:#f92672">:</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">null</span>;
</code></pre></div><p>使用<a href="https://pub.dev/packages/dartx">dartx</a>允许：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> firstOrNull <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> list.firstOrNull;

<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> lastOrNull <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> list.lastOrNull;
</code></pre></div><p>同样</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> elementAtOrNull <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> list.elementAtOrNull(index);
</code></pre></div><h2 id="-或默认值">&hellip; 或默认值</h2>
<p>鉴于你现在还记得<code>.first</code>和<code>.last</code>当吸气抛出错误<code>*list*</code>是空的，拿到第一个和最后的集合项目或默认值，以dart，你会写：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart">
<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> firstOrDefault <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> (list.isNotEmpty <span style="color:#f92672">?</span> list.first <span style="color:#f92672">:</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">null</span>) <span style="color:#f92672">??</span> defaultValue;

<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> lastOrDefault <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> (list.isNotEmpty <span style="color:#f92672">?</span> list.last <span style="color:#f92672">:</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">null</span>) <span style="color:#f92672">??</span> defaultValue;
</code></pre></div><p>使用<a href="https://pub.dev/packages/dartx">dartx</a>：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart">
<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> firstOrDefault <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> list.firstOrDefault(defaultValue);

<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> lastOrDefault <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> list.lastOrElse(defaultValue);
 
</code></pre></div><p>类似于<code>*elementAtOrNull*</code>：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> elementAtOrDefault <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> list.elementAtOrDefault(index, defaultValue);
</code></pre></div><p>返回<code>*defaultValue*</code>如果<code>*index*</code>是的出界<code>*list*</code>。</p>
<h2 id="-按条件">… 按条件</h2>
<p>要获取匹配某个条件 or 的第一个和最后一个集合项<code>*null*</code>，一个简单的 Dart 实现将是：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart">
<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> firstWhere <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> list.firstWhere((x) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> x.matches(condition));

<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> lastWhere <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> list.lastWhere((x) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> x.matches(condition));
</code></pre></div><p>除非提供<code>*StateError*</code>，<code>*list*</code>否则将抛出空<code>*orElse*</code> ：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> firstWhereOrNull <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> list.firstWhere((x) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> x.matches(condition), orElse: () <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">null</span>);

<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> lastWhereOrNull <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> list.lastWhere((x) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> x.matches(condition), orElse: () <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">null</span>);
</code></pre></div><p><a href="https://pub.dev/packages/dartx">dartx</a>将实现缩短为：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart">
<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> firstWhereOrNull <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> list.firstOrNullWhere((x) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> x.matches(condition));

<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> lastWhereOrNull <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> list.lastOrNullWhere((x) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> x.matches(condition));
</code></pre></div><h1 id="--收集项目取决于它们的索引">✔ … 收集项目取决于它们的索引</h1>
<h2 id="地图">地图…</h2>
<p>当您需要获取一个新集合，其中每个项目都以某种方式取决于其索引时，这种情况并不少见。例如，每个新项目都是来自原始集合的项目 + 其索引的字符串表示。</p>
<p>如果你喜欢我喜欢单线，那么简单的 Dart 就是：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart">
<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> newList <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> list.asMap()
  .map((index, x) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> MapEntry(index, <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;</span><span style="color:#e6db74">$</span>index<span style="color:#e6db74"> </span><span style="color:#e6db74">$</span>x<span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;</span>))
  .values
  .toList();
</code></pre></div><p>使用<a href="https://pub.dev/packages/dartx">dartx</a>就简单多了：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> newList <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> list.mapIndexed((index, x) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;</span><span style="color:#e6db74">$</span>index<span style="color:#e6db74"> </span><span style="color:#e6db74">$</span>x<span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;</span>).toList();
</code></pre></div><p>我申请<code>*.toList()*</code>是因为这个和大多数其他扩展方法返回 lazy <code>*Iterable*</code>。</p>
<h2 id="过滤">过滤…</h2>
<p>再举一个例子，假设只需要收集奇数索引项。使用普通的 Dart，可以这样实现：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> oddItems <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> [];
<span style="color:#66d9ef">for</span> (<span style="color:#66d9ef">var</span> i <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">0</span>; i <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span> list.length; i<span style="color:#f92672">++</span>) {
  <span style="color:#66d9ef">if</span> (i.isOdd) {
    oddItems.add(list[i]);
  }
}
</code></pre></div><p>或者在一行中：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> oddItems <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> list.asMap()
  .entries
  .where((entry) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> entry.key.isOdd)
  .map((entry) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> entry.value)
  .toList();
</code></pre></div><p>使用<a href="https://pub.dev/packages/dartx">dartx，</a>它只是：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart">
<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> oddItems <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> list.whereIndexed((x, index) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> index.isOdd).toList();

<span style="color:#75715e">// or
</span><span style="color:#75715e"></span>
<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> oddItems <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> list.whereNotIndexed((x, index) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> index.isEven).toList();
</code></pre></div><h2 id="迭代">迭代…</h2>
<p>您将如何记录指定项目索引的集合内容？</p>
<p>在普通的飞镖中：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#66d9ef">for</span> (<span style="color:#66d9ef">var</span> i <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">0</span>; i <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span> list.length; i<span style="color:#f92672">++</span>) {
  print(<span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;</span><span style="color:#e6db74">$</span>i<span style="color:#e6db74">: </span><span style="color:#e6db74">${</span>list[i]<span style="color:#e6db74">}</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;</span>);
}
</code></pre></div><p>使用<a href="https://pub.dev/packages/dartx">dartx</a>：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart">list.forEachIndexed((element, index) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> print(<span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;</span><span style="color:#e6db74">$</span>index<span style="color:#e6db74">: </span><span style="color:#e6db74">$</span>element<span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;</span>));
</code></pre></div><h1 id="-将集合转换为地图">✔ 将集合转换为地图</h1>
<p>例如，需要将不同<code>*Person*</code>对象的列表转换为<code>*Map&lt;String, Person&gt;*</code>键是<code>*person.id*</code>，值是整个人的实例。</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart">
<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> peopleMap <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> people.asMap().map((index, person) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> MapEntry(person.id, person));
</code></pre></div><p>使用<a href="https://pub.dev/packages/dartx">dartx</a>：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> peopleMap <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> people.associate((person) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> MapEntry(person.id, person));

<span style="color:#75715e">// or
</span><span style="color:#75715e"></span>
<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> peopleMap <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> people.associateBy((person) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> person.id);
</code></pre></div><p>要获得一张地图，其中键<code>*DateTime*</code>和值是<code>*List&lt;Person&gt;*</code>那天出生的人的，用普通的 Dart 写：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> peopleMapByBirthDate <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> people.fold<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>Map<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>DateTime, List<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>Person<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span>(
  <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>DateTime, List<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>Person<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;&gt;</span>{}, 
  (map, person) {
    <span style="color:#66d9ef">if</span> (<span style="color:#f92672">!</span>map.containsKey(person.birthDate)) {
      map[person.birthDate] <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>Person<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>[];
    }
    map[person.birthDate].add(person);
    <span style="color:#66d9ef">return</span> map;
  },
);
</code></pre></div><p>使用<a href="https://pub.dev/packages/dartx">dartx 就</a>简单多了：。</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> peopleMapByBirthDate <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> people.groupBy((person) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> person.birthDate);
</code></pre></div><h1 id="-排序集合">✔ 排序集合</h1>
<p>您将如何在普通 Dart 中对集合进行排序？你必须记住</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart">list.sort();
</code></pre></div><p>修改源集合，并获得一个新的实例，你必须写：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> orderedList <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> [...list]..sort();
</code></pre></div><p><a href="https://pub.dev/packages/dartx">dartx</a>提供了一个扩展来获取新<code>*List*</code>实例：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart">
<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> orderedList <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> list.sorted();

<span style="color:#75715e">// and
</span><span style="color:#75715e"></span>
<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> orderedDescendingList <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> list.sortedDescending();
</code></pre></div><p>您将如何根据某些属性对收藏品进行排序？</p>
<p>普通飞镖：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> orderedPeople <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> [...people]
  ..sort((person1, person2) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> person1.birthDate.compareTo(person2.birthDate));
</code></pre></div><p>使用<a href="https://pub.dev/packages/dartx">dartx</a>：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> orderedPeople <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> people.sortedBy((person) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> person.birthDate);

<span style="color:#75715e">// and
</span><span style="color:#75715e"></span>
<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> orderedDescendingPeople <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> people.sortedByDescending((person) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> person.birthDate)
</code></pre></div><p>更进一步，您可以按多个属性对集合项进行排序：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> orderedPeopleByAgeAndName <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> people
  .sortedBy((person) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> person.birthDate)
  .thenBy((person) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> person.name);

<span style="color:#75715e">// and
</span><span style="color:#75715e"></span>
<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> orderedDescendingPeopleByAgeAndName <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> people
  .sortedByDescending((person) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> person.birthDate)
  .thenByDescending((person) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> person.name);
</code></pre></div><h1 id="-收集独特的物品">✔ 收集独特的物品</h1>
<p>要获得不同的集合项，可以使用这种简单的 Dart 实现：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart">
<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> unique <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> list.toSet().toList();
</code></pre></div><p>这并不能保证保留项目订单或提出多行解决方案。</p>
<p>使用<a href="https://pub.dev/packages/dartx">dartx</a>，它就像：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> unique <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> list.distinct().toList();

<span style="color:#75715e">// and
</span><span style="color:#75715e"></span>
<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> uniqueFirstNames <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> people.distinctBy((person) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> person.firstName).toList();
</code></pre></div><h1 id="-按项目属性的最小值最大值平均值">✔ 按项目属性的最小值/最大值/平均值</h1>
<p>要查找最小/最大集合项，我们可以例如对其进行排序并获取<code>*first*</code>/<code>*last*</code>项：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart">
<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> min <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> ([...list]..sort()).first;

<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> max <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> ([...list]..sort()).last;
</code></pre></div><p>同样的方法可以应用于按 items 属性排序：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> minAge <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> (people.map((person) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> person.age).toList()..sort()).first;

<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> maxAge <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> (people.map((person) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> person.age).toList()..sort()).last;
</code></pre></div><p>或：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> youngestPerson <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> 
  ([...people]..sort((person1, person2) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> person1.age.compareTo(person2.age))).first;

<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> oldestPerson <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> 
  ([...people]..sort((person1, person2) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> person1.age.compareTo(person2.age))).last;
</code></pre></div><p>但是使用<a href="https://pub.dev/packages/dartx">dartx</a>就容易多了：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> youngestPerson <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> people.minBy((person) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> person.age);

<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> oldestPerson <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> people.maxBy((person) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> person.age);
</code></pre></div><p>顺便说一下，这将返回<code>*null*</code>空集合。</p>
<p>如果集合项实现<code>*Comparable*</code>，则可以应用没有选择器的方法：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> min <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> list.min();

<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> max <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> list.max();
</code></pre></div><p>您还可以轻松获得平均值：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> average <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> list.average();

<span style="color:#75715e">// and
</span><span style="color:#75715e"></span>
<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> averageAge <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> people.averageBy((person) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> person.age);
</code></pre></div><p>以及<code>*num*</code>集合或<code>*num*</code>项目属性的总和：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart">
<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> sum <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> list.sum();

<span style="color:#75715e">// and
</span><span style="color:#75715e"></span>
<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> totalChildrenCount <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> people.sumBy((person) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> person.childrenCount);
</code></pre></div><h1 id="-过滤掉空项目">✔ 过滤掉空项目</h1>
<p>使用普通飞镖：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> nonNullItems <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> list.where((x) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> x <span style="color:#f92672">!=</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">null</span>).toList();
</code></pre></div><p>使用<a href="https://pub.dev/packages/dartx">dartx</a>：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> nonNullItems <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> list.whereNotNull().toList();
</code></pre></div><h1 id="-更多有用的扩展">✔ 更多有用的扩展</h1>
<p><a href="https://pub.dev/packages/dartx">dartx 中</a>还有其他有用的扩展。我们不会在这里深入细节，但我希望命名和代码是不言自明的。</p>
<h2 id="连接到字符串">连接到字符串</h2>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> report <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> people.joinToString(
  separator: <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;</span><span style="color:#ae81ff">\n</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;</span>,
  transform: (person) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;</span><span style="color:#e6db74">${</span>person.firstName<span style="color:#e6db74">}</span><span style="color:#e6db74">_</span><span style="color:#e6db74">${</span>person.lastName<span style="color:#e6db74">}</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;</span>,
  prefix: <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;&lt;&lt;️&#39;</span>,
  postfix: <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;&gt;&gt;&#39;</span>,
);
</code></pre></div><h2 id="所有每个无">所有(每个)/无</h2>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> allAreAdults <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> people.all((person) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> person.age <span style="color:#f92672">&gt;=</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">18</span>);

<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> allAreAdults <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> people.none((person) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> person.age <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">18</span>);
</code></pre></div><h2 id="第一个第二个第三个第四个收藏品">第一个/第二个/第三个/第四个收藏品</h2>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart">
<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> first <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> list.first;
<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> second <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> list.second;
<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> third <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> list.third;
<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> fourth <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> list.fourth;
</code></pre></div><h2 id="takefirst--takelast">takeFirst / takeLast</h2>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> youngestPeople <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> people.sortedBy((person) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> person.age).takeFirst(<span style="color:#ae81ff">5</span>);

<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> oldestPeople <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> people.sortedBy((person) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> person.age).takeLast(<span style="color:#ae81ff">5</span>);
</code></pre></div><h2 id="firstwhile--lastwhile">firstWhile / lastWhile</h2>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> orderedPeopleUnder50 <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> people
  .sortedBy((person) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> person.age)
  .firstWhile((person) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> person.age <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">50</span>)
  .toList();

<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> orderedPeopleOver50 <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> people
  .sortedBy((person) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> person.age)
  .lastWhile((person) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> person.age <span style="color:#f92672">&gt;=</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">50</span>)
  .toList();
</code></pre></div><p>该<a href="https://pub.dev/packages/dartx">dartx</a>包中包含有更多的扩展<code>*Iterable*</code>，<code>*List*</code>和<a href="https://github.com/leisim/dartx/tree/master/lib/src">其他类型的飞镖</a>。探索其功能的最佳方式是浏览<a href="https://github.com/leisim/dartx">源代码</a>。</p>
<p><a href="https://medium.com/flutter-community/dart-collections-with-dartx-extensions-959a0b42849e">https://medium.com/flutter-community/dart-collections-with-dartx-extensions-959a0b42849e</a></p>
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        <li style="word-break:break-all"><strong>原文链接：</strong><a href="https://luckly.work/post/flutter_tips/Dartx/">https://luckly.work/post/flutter_tips/Dartx/</a></li>
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